MTC: IPHONE 18 PRO VS. IPHONE DUO VS. SAMSUNG AND PIXEL FOLDABLES: WHICH SMARTPHONE IS BETTER FOR LAWYERS?

Smartphone vs. foldable phone: the modern lawyer's dilemma.

Apple’s newly announced iPhone Duo has made the foldable-phone question real for lawyers. 📱 For most attorneys, a traditional flagship smartphone remains the safer all-purpose choice. For lawyers who regularly review documents, manage hearings remotely, or work between offices and courtrooms, a foldable can become a genuinely useful portable workspace.

The important point is not that one form factor “wins.” Your phone should support competent, secure, and efficient representation. That means choosing the device that fits your actual workday—not the one with the most impressive keynote slide.

Apple’s first foldable arrives after Samsung and Google have spent years proving that a phone can also function as a pocketable small tablet. Apple’s approach emphasizes integration, a near-crease-free matte inner display, and an iOS experience designed to transition between the cover and internal screens. At the same time, Apple’s iPhone 18 Pro retains several advantages that matter to lawyers who use their device as a reliable camera, scanner, recorder, and secure communications tool.

THE LAWYER’S REAL QUESTION

A lawyer does not need a foldable merely because a foldable exists. You need one if the larger screen meaningfully improves how you work.

Think about the tasks that consume your mobile time:

• Reading a settlement agreement while waiting for a hearing to begin.

  • Comparing a client email against a draft motion.

  • Joining a video conference while following a shared document.

  • Reviewing a photographed exhibit or a PDF sent from opposing counsel.

  • Capturing and organizing notes after a client meeting.

  • Managing a calendar, task list, matter-management system, and secure messaging while away from a desk.

A standard smartphone is still superior for many of these moments because it is lighter, simpler, more durable in a practical sense, and easier to use one-handed. A foldable becomes compelling when the task is document-centric and sustained. Opening a 7- to 8-inch internal display changes a PDF from “readable in a pinch” to “useful enough to work with.”

That distinction is especially important under ABA Model Rule 1.1, which includes a lawyer’s responsibility to keep abreast of the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology. Competence does not require purchasing the newest hardware. It does require making deliberate choices about security, workflows, backups, authentication, and the handling of client information. Rule 1.6 also requires reasonable efforts to prevent unauthorized access to client information.

IPHONE 18 PRO VS. IPHONE DUO

For an Apple-centered practice, this is not simply a comparison between a conventional phone and a foldable. It is a choice between an optimized mobile tool and a more expansive mobile workspace.

Lawyer-use category: Everyday portability

Courtroom-ready: comparing smartphone and foldable phone workflows.

  • iPhone 18 Pro: 211 grams; conventional one-hand phone design.

  • iPhone Duo: 254 grams; larger and thicker when folded.

  • Better fit: iPhone 18 Pro.

Lawyer-use category: Matter-document review

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Strong phone display, but limited viewing area.

  • iPhone Duo: Tablet-like internal display for PDFs, pleadings, and side-by-side work.

  • Better fit: iPhone Duo.

Lawyer-use category: Camera and evidence capture

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Variable-aperture 48MP main camera, telephoto options, Pro controls, and Apple Reference Image.

  • iPhone Duo: Dual cameras; no telephoto lens, fixed apertures, and fewer Pro imaging features.

  • Better fit: iPhone 18 Pro.

Lawyer-use category: Client videoconferencing

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Full-featured conventional iPhone experience.

  • iPhone Duo: Larger screen and flexible layouts; the cover display may assist framing.

  • Better fit: Depends on workflow.

Lawyer-use category: Authentication

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Face ID.

  • iPhone Duo: Touch ID and Apple Watch unlocking support.

  • Better fit: Personal preference.

Lawyer-use category: Travel and field work

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Faster, lighter, and easier to pocket.

  • iPhone Duo: Larger viewing canvas but more expensive and heavier.

  • Better fit: iPhone 18 Pro.

Lawyer-use category: Screen-sharing and multitasking

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Capable but physically constrained.

  • iPhone Duo: Better potential for split-screen meetings, documents, and note-taking.

  • Better fit: iPhone Duo.

Lawyer-use category: Starting price

  • iPhone 18 Pro: $1,199 for 256GB.

  • iPhone Duo: $1,999 for 256GB.

  • Better fit: iPhone 18 Pro.

Lawyer-use category: Durability and dust protection

  • iPhone 18 Pro: Conventional flagship construction.

  • iPhone Duo: IP68-rated, with foldable-specific hinge and screen considerations.

  • Better fit: Slight edge to iPhone 18 Pro.

The iPhone 18 Pro is the more practical professional tool for most lawyers. Apple’s A20 Pro chip, upgraded cooling, improved battery life, faster charging, enhanced camera controls, and stronger imaging system are not merely consumer upgrades. They can matter when you are capturing a whiteboard after a client meeting, scanning exhibits, recording a witness-preparation session where permitted, or creating accurate visual documentation. The iPhone 18 Pro also has Apple Reference Image, an opt-in feature intended to authenticate sensor-originated images. That feature deserves attention in an era of AI-altered visual evidence.

Do not overstate that point, however. A device-origin verification feature is not a substitute for evidentiary foundation, chain-of-custody practices, metadata preservation, or careful authentication under the applicable rules of evidence. It may be helpful. It is not magic. ⚖️

The iPhone Duo offers a different value proposition. Its inner display can make a meaningful difference when reading a lengthy contract, reviewing a marked-up PDF, participating in a Zoom meeting while viewing shared materials, or using a legal-research platform away from the office. Apple has highlighted responsive layouts, continuity between the cover and internal display, split-screen possibilities, and Apple Pencil support. Those features could make the Duo especially attractive for lawyers who work from courthouses, conference rooms, airports, and client locations.

Still, the first-generation Duo requires compromises. It lacks Face ID, an Action button, a telephoto lens, ProRAW, spatial media, LiDAR, Apple Reference Image, and certain camera controls available on the iPhone 18 Pro. It also costs substantially more.

Bottom line: Choose the iPhone 18 Pro if your phone is primarily a fast, premium communications and capture device. Choose the iPhone Duo if you routinely do substantive document work on the road and will actually use the larger display several times a week.

SAMSUNG FLAGSHIP VS. GALAXY FOLD

Foldable phone keeps traveling attorneys productive between flights."

Samsung deserves credit for giving lawyers years of real-world foldable choices. It did not wait for foldables to become perfect. It improved the category in public, generation after generation.

The practical comparison is between Samsung’s flagship “slab” phone—such as the current Galaxy S-series Ultra model—and the Galaxy Z Fold line.

Lawyer-use category: One-handed use

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Better, although Ultra models are large.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: More awkward when folded; usually two-handed when open.

  • Better fit: Galaxy S flagship.

Lawyer-use category: PDF and contract review

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Large conventional display.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Inner display is far better for full-page review.

  • Better fit: Galaxy Z Fold.

Lawyer-use category: Stylus workflow

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Strong stylus options on certain Ultra models.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Fold series has historically offered mixed stylus support.

  • Better fit: Galaxy S flagship.

Lawyer-use category: Cameras and zoom

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Usually stronger camera system and long-range zoom.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Often compromises camera hardware for foldable form.

  • Better fit: Galaxy S flagship.

Lawyer-use category: Android multitasking

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Good.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Often excellent, with substantial multiwindow flexibility.

  • Better fit: Galaxy Z Fold.

Lawyer-use category: Courtroom and travel durability

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Less mechanical complexity.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Hinge and flexible display require more care.

  • Better fit: Galaxy S flagship.

Lawyer-use category: Value

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Premium, but generally lower cost.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Premium-plus pricing.

  • Better fit: Galaxy S flagship.

Lawyer-use category: Portable workspace

  • Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship: Good.

  • Samsung Galaxy Z Fold: Excellent for research, email, documents, and video meetings.

  • Better fit: Galaxy Z Fold.

For the lawyer already embedded in Android and Microsoft 365, a Galaxy Z Fold can be a powerful field device. Large-screen multitasking can put Outlook, Word, OneDrive, Teams, a browser, and a practice-management platform within quick reach. The internal display is ideal for reviewing a filing before a hearing or comparing a client’s message with a calendar entry and task list.

The tradeoff is complexity. Foldables add a hinge, a flexible display, more protective-case considerations, and a greater risk that a lawyer treats the device as a laptop replacement when it is not. For serious drafting, extended discovery review, or presentation preparation, a laptop remains the correct tool. A foldable is most valuable in the space between phone and laptop.

Samsung’s foldable durability has improved substantially, but the Galaxy Fold 8’s IP48 rating illustrates the continuing reality of the category: foldables have different vulnerability profiles than conventional devices. Apple’s Duo claims IP68 protection, but lawyers should wait for independent testing and long-term field experience before treating any first-generation foldable as indestructible.

PIXEL SMARTPHONE VS. PIXEL FOLD

Foldable phone multitasks calendar, email, and video calls.

Google’s Pixel line has a particular appeal for AI-curious lawyers. Pixel devices often showcase Google’s software, voice tools, transcription features, photography, and AI-assisted workflows. That can be helpful, but it also requires more disciplined thinking about confidentiality.

Lawyer-use category: Voice notes and transcription

Lawyer-use category: Research and browser use

  • Google Pixel flagship: Strong conventional mobile experience.

  • Google Pixel Fold: Larger screen better for source review and comparison.

  • Better fit: Pixel Fold.

Lawyer-use category: Gmail, Docs, Drive, and Calendar

  • Google Pixel flagship: Seamless Google Workspace integration.

  • Google Pixel Fold: Better for simultaneous apps and document review.

  • Better fit: Pixel Fold.

Lawyer-use category: Photography and scanning

  • Google Pixel flagship: Strong computational photography.

  • Google Pixel Fold: Foldable design may involve hardware tradeoffs.

  • Better fit: Pixel flagship.

Lawyer-use category: Secure mobile productivity

  • • Google Pixel flagship: Simpler device, with fewer moving parts.

  • • Google Pixel Fold: Greater screen utility and more workflow complexity.

  • • Better fit: Depends on practice.

Lawyer-use category: AI-assisted features

  • • Google Pixel flagship: Convenient but requires policy discipline.

  • • Google Pixel Fold: The same concern, plus a tendency to do more work on-device.

  • • Better fit: Tie.

Lawyer-use category: Portability

  • • Google Pixel flagship: Better.

  • • Google Pixel Fold: More capable but bulkier.

  • • Better fit: Pixel flagship.

A Pixel Fold may appeal to the lawyer who lives in Google Workspace, uses Google Meet, moves constantly between documents and email, and values a larger internal screen. It can be especially useful for reviewing shared Google Docs, keeping a video call open beside a browser or document, and handling high-volume email triage.

But the lawyer’s duty does not change because an AI feature is convenient. Before using AI-based transcription, summarization, cloud backup, assistant features, or document analysis, determine what data leaves the device, where it is processed, whether it is retained, and whether the service’s settings align with the firm’s confidentiality obligations.

Mobile security protects client confidentiality under ABA rules!

Under Model Rule 1.6, client information must be protected through reasonable safeguards. Under Model Rules 5.1 and 5.3, firm managers and supervisory lawyers should establish policies for lawyers and nonlawyer staff who use phones, AI-enabled applications, transcription tools, cloud services, and collaboration platforms.

The smart policy is not “never use AI.” The smart policy is: use approved tools, understand the data path, configure security settings, and train your people. 🔐

THE THREE FLAGSHIP SMARTPHONES

When comparing Apple, Samsung, and Google’s conventional flagship phones, the choice often comes down to ecosystem, security administration, camera needs, and software preference—not raw specifications alone.

Apple iPhone 18 Pro

• Best for: Apple-centered firms and lawyers who value polished reliability.

  • • Document work: Good for quick review and annotation.

  • • Camera evidence workflow: Excellent; advanced camera controls and reference-image option.

  • • Mobile device management: Strong enterprise support.

  • • Ecosystem: Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, iCloud, and iMessage.

  • • Best reason to choose: Consistency and professional-grade media capture.

  • • Main caution: Less customization.

Samsung Galaxy S-series flagship

  • • Best for: Power users, Microsoft 365 users, and lawyers who value customization.

  • • Document work: Good, especially on large Ultra displays.

  • • Camera evidence workflow: Excellent; typically strong zoom and flexibility.

  • • Mobile device management: Strong enterprise and Android management options.

  • • Ecosystem: Android, Windows, Microsoft, and DeX-style workflows.

  • • Best reason to choose: Flexibility and power-user features.

  • • Main caution: More settings and complexity.

Google Pixel flagship

  • • Best for: Google Workspace users and AI-forward workflows.

  • • Document work: Good, with strong Google app integration.

  • • Camera evidence workflow: Excellent computational imaging and scanning.

  • • Mobile device management: Strong Google-centered management.

  • • Ecosystem: Google Workspace, Android, and Google services.

  • • Best reason to choose: Google-native productivity and AI tools.

Main caution: Careful governance of cloud and AI features.

The iPhone 18 Pro is the best conventional choice for many lawyers because it combines exceptional camera capability with a familiar, secure, and manageable mobile experience. It is particularly appealing for firms that use Macs, iPads, and Apple device management. Its upgraded imaging system and Apple Reference Image feature may also interest litigators and investigators, subject to the usual evidence and chain-of-custody caveats.

Samsung’s flagship models remain excellent for lawyers who want larger screens, deep customization, strong multitasking, and close integration with Windows and Microsoft 365. The Pixel is attractive for lawyers who rely on Google Workspace and want a refined Android experience with Google’s evolving AI and language tools.

No device choice relieves you of professional judgment. A phone that is technically secure can still become a confidentiality problem if it has a weak passcode, broad notification previews, unapproved cloud syncing, or no remote-wipe plan.

THE THREE FOLDABLE PHONES

Foldables are now mature enough to deserve serious consideration, but they remain specialized tools.

Apple iPhone Duo

  • Best for: Apple users who want iPad-like utility in a pocketable device.

  • Inner-screen experience: Apple’s new foldable interface; matte, nearly creaseless display claims.

  • Document review: Excellent potential.

  • Camera priority: Secondary to iPhone 18 Pro; notable feature omissions.

  • Authentication: Touch ID.

  • Starting price: $1,999.

  • Key strength: Hardware-software integration and IP68 claim.

  • Key caution: First-generation product; premium price and feature tradeoffs.

Samsung Galaxy Z Fold

  • Best for: Multitasking-heavy Android users.

  • Inner-screen experience: Mature foldable multitasking ecosystem.

  • Document review: Excellent.

  • Camera priority: Often less camera-focused than S-series flagships.

  • Authentication: Android biometric options.

  • Starting price: Premium pricing.

  • Key strength: Experience, flexibility, and established category history.

  • Key caution: Hinge/display care and ecosystem fragmentation.

Google Pixel Fold

  • Best for: Google Workspace and Pixel-centric lawyers.

  • Inner-screen experience: Strong Google-app workflow and wide-screen utility.

  • Document review: Excellent.

  • Camera priority: May involve foldable-camera compromises.

  • Authentication: Android biometric options.

  • Starting price: Premium pricing.

  • Key strength: Google productivity and AI integration.

  • Key caution: AI/cloud governance and foldable tradeoffs.

The iPhone Duo’s most interesting promise is not its folding screen. It is the prospect of an Apple-native portable workspace where the transition from closed to open device feels deliberate rather than improvised. Apple’s interface is designed to carry content between screens and reconfigure layouts based on the hinge position. That could be quite useful for a lawyer watching a deposition clip, taking notes during a virtual meeting, or reviewing a document while keeping a secure messaging tool available.

Samsung’s Galaxy Z Fold remains the more established choice for lawyers who know they want a foldable now. Its strongest value is workspace flexibility. Pixel Fold models can be especially compelling for Google Workspace firms and lawyers who routinely work in Gmail, Drive, Docs, Meet, and Chrome.

Yet all foldables have a common limitation: they invite more work on a device that is still not a full computer. Be candid about your habits. If you routinely carry a laptop or iPad anyway, a standard flagship smartphone may be more sensible. If you are often away from both, the foldable may earn its place.

THE PRACTICAL ROUNDUP

Here is my recommendation for legal professionals:

  • Choose a traditional flagship smartphone if you prioritize dependable communication, quick client response, quality photography, scanning, security simplicity, and one-handed use. This remains the right answer for most solo and small-firm lawyers. 📱

  • Choose a foldable phone if you regularly read and annotate PDFs, compare materials, conduct remote meetings, or need a larger display during travel and court days. The productivity gain must be real and recurring.

  • Choose the iPhone 18 Pro if you value Apple ecosystem integration, exceptional mobile imaging, a lighter device, and conventional-phone reliability.

  • Choose the iPhone Duo if you are committed to Apple, frequently work from documents while mobile, and accept first-generation pricing and camera compromises.

  • Choose a Samsung flagship or Galaxy Z Fold if Microsoft 365, Windows, Android flexibility, and multitasking define your workflow.

  • Choose a Pixel flagship or Pixel Fold if your practice is firmly rooted in Google Workspace and you have a clear policy for AI-enabled features and cloud processing.

Finally, whatever you buy, build a mobile-security checklist: strong device passcode, biometric authentication, encrypted backups, mobile-device management where appropriate, automatic lock, remote wipe, minimal lock-screen previews, approved cloud storage, and a written policy for AI and transcription tools. Those habits—not an extra inch of screen space—do the most to protect clients and your practice. 🔒

The Apple Duo is an important announcement because it makes foldables more relevant to lawyers who have remained in Apple’s ecosystem. But the best technology decision is still the boringly professional one: choose the tool that helps you serve clients better, protect their information, and work more effectively every day.

MTC

🎙️🎁 TSL Labs Bonus: The Ultimate 2025 Tech Gift Guide for Attorneys — Expert-Curated Gadgets, AI Tools, and Must-Have Devices Every Lawyer Needs!

🎯 In this TSL Labs Bonus episode, we are experimenting with Google’s Notebook LLM to do a “Deep Dive” on our November 24th editorial on the ultimate 2025 tech gift guide for attorneys. We use this AI-powered conversation to unpack the key themes, ethical challenges, and actionable recommendations. Whether you're a solo practitioner, big law associate, or tech-curious partner, this episode delivers expert-curated insights on gadgets, AI tools, and must-have devices that support technological competence as a professional obligation.

If you're a busy legal professional seeking practical tech recommendations that enhance daily practice rather than collect digital dust, join us for this insightful conversation that explores how the right technology investments can improve your practice, safeguard your clients, and help prevent unnecessary bar complaints.

🤔 Join Google AI Deep Dive as they discuss the following three questions and more!

  1. What are the essential low-cost tech gifts under $25 that can make an immediate impact on an attorney's practice, and why do items like cables and tracking devices matter for professional competence?

  2. Which professional-grade tools under $100 deliver the best value for attorneys seeking to fulfill their ethical duty to work smarter and faster through AI integration and productivity enhancements?

  3. Why should premium technology investments over $100—including physical infrastructure like ergonomic chairs—be considered essential to an attorney's professional obligation to their clients?

In our conversation, we cover the following:

[00:00:00] — Episode introduction and TSL Labs Bonus overview

[00:01:00] — Navigating the perfect tech gift for attorneys: unique needs like security, portability, focus, and raw power

[00:02:00] — The three seismic forces driving tech choices: AI integration, cloud-based practice management, and heightened ethical duties

[00:03:00] — Target audience: solo practitioners, big law associates, and tech-curious partners who need technology that lasts

[00:04:00] — Essential low-cost gifts under $25: OWC Thunderbolt 4 USB-C cable and Apple AirTag for security and reliability

[00:05:00] — Productivity essentials: Logitech Pebble M350 silent mouse and Anker 7-in-1 USB-C Hub for presentations

[00:06:00] — AI tools for "forced competence": ChatGPT Plus one-month subscription as a low-risk nudge toward AI exploration

[00:07:00] — Professional grade tools under $100: Apple Pencil (1st Gen) for document annotation and Logitech MX Keys Mini keyboard

[00:08:00] — Focus and noise cancellation: Soundcore Space One headphones with 40+ hours battery life

[00:09:00] — Precision document navigation: Logitech MX Master 3S mouse with horizontal scrolling for wide documents

[00:10:00] — Premium mobile computing sweet spots: iPad Air with M3 chip ($599) and MacBook Air M4 ($999)

[00:11:00] — Physical infrastructure as health technology: Herman Miller Aeron chair ($1,351) for sustained high-quality work

[00:12:00] — Ultra-wide monitor benefits: LG 34" 5K 2K ($315) for seamless document comparison and reduced cognitive strain

[00:13:00] — Virtual practice essentials: Logitech Brio 4K webcam ($160) and Samsung T7 SSD ($109) for secure data management

[00:14:00] — The ultimate organizational hub: CalDigit TS3 Plus dock ($280) with 15 ports for cable clutter elimination

[00:15:00] — Strategic gift-giving advice: Understanding ecosystem (Apple, Windows, Android) and workflow considerations

📚 Resources

🖥️ Hardware Mentioned in the Conversation

Under $25:

  • OWC Thunderbolt 4 USB-C Cable (~$19.99) — Universal cable supporting 40Gb/s data, 100W power delivery, up to 8K video —(https://www.owc.com)

  • Apple AirTag (Single Pack) ($24) — Bluetooth tracking device using Find My network —(https://www.apple.com/airtag)

  • Logitech Pebble M350 Wireless Mouse (~$19.99) — Silent click, 90% noise reduction, 18-month battery — (https://www.logitech.com)

  • Anker 341 USB-C Hub (7-in-1) (~$19.99) — HDMI 4K@30Hz, USB ports, SD card slots — https://www.anker.com)

  • ORICLE 65W USB Travel Power Strip — Flat plug, 4-foot cord, 7-in-1 hub for travel —(https://oricotechs.com)

Under $100:

Premium Over $100:

  • iPad Air with M3 Chip (Starting at $599) — 8-core CPU, 9-core GPU, ideal balance of power and portability — (https://www.apple.com/ipad-air)

  • MacBook Air M4 (Starting at $999) — 10-core CPU, 10-core GPU, up to 18 hours battery life —(https://www.apple.com/macbook-air)

  • Herman Miller Aeron Chair (~$1,351) — Ergonomic office chair with PostureFit SL, three sizes for 1st-99th percentile —(https://www.hermanmiller.com)

  • LG 34" Ultrawide 5K 2K Monitor (~$315) — 3440x1440 resolution, curved display for seamless multitasking — (https://www.lg.com/us/monitors)

  • Logitech Brio 4K Ultra HD Webcam (~$160) — 4K@30fps, RightLight 3 HDR, adjustable 65°/78°/90° FOV — (https://www.logitech.com)

  • Samsung T7 Portable SSD (1TB) (~$109.99) — 1,050MB/s read speed, AES 256-bit encryption, 2m drop resistant — (https://www.samsung.com)

  • CalDigit TS3 Plus Thunderbolt 3 Dock (~$280) — 15 ports, 87W laptop charging, dual 4K display support — (https://www.caldigit.com)

💻 Software & Cloud Services Mentioned in the Conversation

  • ChatGPT Plus ($20/month) — OpenAI's premium AI assistant with GPT-4 access for research and drafting — (https://chat.openai.com)

  • Grammarly Premium (~$96/year on sale; $144/year regular) — AI-powered writing assistant with plagiarism detection —(https://www.grammarly.com)

  • Apple Find My — Location tracking app for AirTags and Apple devices — https://www.icloud.com/find

📌 Disclaimer: Prices mentioned throughout this episode and show notes are approximate and based on manufacturer suggested retail prices around the time of the publication date; actual pricing may vary depending on manufacturer availability, retailer promotions, seasonal sales, and geographic location, and we recommend verifying current pricing before making any purchase decisions.

🎙️ Ep. 120: AI Game Changers for Law Firms - Stephen Embry on Legal Tech Adoption and Privacy Concerns 🤖⚖️

My next guest is Stephen Embry. Steve is a legal technology expert, blogger at Tech Law Crossroads, and contributor to Above the Law. A former mass tort defense litigator with 20 years of remote practice experience, Steven specializes in AI implementation for law firms and legal technology adoption challenges. With a master's degree in civil engineering and programming expertise since 1980, he brings a unique technical insight to legal practice. Steven provides data-driven analysis on how AI is revolutionizing law firms while addressing critical privacy and security concerns for legal professionals. 💻

Join Stephen Embry and me as we discuss the following three questions and more! 🎯

  1. What do you think are the top three game-changer announcements from the 2025 ILTA Conference for AI that're gonna make the most impact for solo, small, and mid-size law firms?

  2. What are the top three security and privacy concerns lawyers should address when using AI?

  3. What are your top three hacks when it comes to using AI in legal?

In our conversation, we covered the following and more! 📝

  • [00:00:00] Episode Introduction & Guest Bio

  • [00:01:00] Steve's Current Tech Setup

  • [00:02:00] Apple Devices Discussion - MacBook Air M4, AirPods Pro

  • [00:06:00] Android Phone & Remote Practice Experience

  • [00:09:00] iPad Collection & MacBook Air Purchase Story

  • [00:12:00] Travel Tech & Backup Strategies

  • [00:15:00] Q1: AI Game Changers from ILTA 2025 Conference

  • [00:24:00] Billable Hour vs AI Adoption Challenges

  • [00:26:00] Competition & Client Demands for Technology

  • [00:35:00] Q2: AI Security & Privacy Concerns for Lawyers

  • [00:37:00] Discoverability & Privilege Waiver Issues

  • [00:44:00] Q3: Top AI Hacks for Legal Professionals

  • [00:46:00] Using AI for Document Construction & Rules Compliance

  • [00:50:00] Contact Information & Resources

Resources 📚

Connect with Stephen Embry

• Email: sembry@techlawcrossroads.com
• Blog: Tech Law Crossroads - https://techlawcrossroads.com
• Above the Law Contributions: https://abovethelaw.com
• LinkedIn: [Stephen Embry LinkedIn Profile]

Mentioned in the Episode

• ILTA (International Lawyers Technology Association) Conference 2025 - https://www.iltanet.org
• Max Stock Conference - Chicago area legal technology conference
• Consumer Electronics Show (CES) - https://www.ces.tech
• Federal Rules of Civil Procedure - https://www.uscourts.gov/rules-policies/current-rules/federal-rules-civil-procedure
• Apple Event (October 9th) - Apple's product announcement events
• Gaylord Conference Center - Washington, DC area conference venue

Hardware Mentioned in the Conversation 🖥️

• MacBook Air M4 (13-inch) - https://www.apple.com/macbook-air/
• iPad Pro - https://www.apple.com/ipad-pro/
• iPad Air - https://www.apple.com/ipad-air/
• iPad Mini - https://www.apple.com/ipad-mini/
• iPhone 16 - https://www.apple.com/iphone-16/
• Apple Watch Ultra 2 - https://www.apple.com/apple-watch-ultra-2/
• AirPods Pro - https://www.apple.com/airpods-pro/
• Samsung Galaxy (Android phone) - https://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/phones/galaxy/
• Samsung Galaxy Fold 7 - https://www.samsung.com/global/galaxy/galaxy-z-fold7/

Software & Cloud Services Mentioned in the Conversation ☁️

• Apple Intelligence - https://www.apple.com/apple-intelligence/
• ChatGPT - https://chat.openai.com
• Claude (Anthropic) - https://claude.ai
• Brock AI - AI debate and argumentation tool
• Notebook AI - https://notebooklm.google.com
• Microsoft Word - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/word
• Dropbox - https://www.dropbox.com
• Backblaze - https://www.backblaze.com
• Synology - https://www.synology.com
• Whisper AI - https://openai.com/research/whisper

Don't forget to give The Tech-Savvy Lawyer.Page Podcast a Five-Star ⭐️ review on Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcast feeds! Your support helps us continue bringing you expert insights on legal technology.

Our next episode will be posted in about two weeks. If you have any ideas about a future episode, please contact Michael at michaeldj@techsavvylawyer.page 📧

📖 Word of the Week: RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) - The Legal AI Breakthrough Eliminating Hallucinations. 📚⚖️

What is RAG?

USEd responsibly, rag can be a great tool for lawyers!

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a groundbreaking artificial intelligence technique that combines information retrieval with text generation. Unlike traditional AI systems that rely solely on pre-trained data, RAG dynamically retrieves relevant information from external legal databases before generating responses.

Why RAG Matters for Legal Practice

RAG addresses the most significant concern with legal AI: fabricated citations and "hallucinations." By grounding AI responses in verified legal sources, RAG systems dramatically reduce the risk of generating fictional case law. Recent studies show RAG-powered legal tools produce hallucination rates comparable to human-only work.

Key Benefits

RAG technology offers several advantages for legal professionals:

Enhanced Accuracy: RAG systems pull from authoritative legal databases, ensuring responses are based on actual statutes, cases, and regulations rather than statistical patterns.

Real-Time Updates: Unlike static AI models, RAG can access current legal information, making it valuable for rapidly evolving areas of law.

Source Attribution: RAG provides clear citations and references, enabling attorneys to verify and build upon AI-generated research.

Practical Applications

lawyers who don’t use ai technology like rag will be replaced those who do!

Law firms are implementing RAG for case law research, contract analysis, and legal memo drafting. The technology excels at tasks requiring specific legal authorities and performs best when presented with clearly defined legal issues.

Professional Responsibility Under ABA Model Rules

ABA Model Rule 1.1 (Competence): Comment 8 requires lawyers to "keep abreast of changes in the law and its practice, including the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology." This mandates understanding RAG capabilities and limitations before use.

ABA Model Rule 1.6 (Confidentiality): Lawyers must "make reasonable efforts to prevent the inadvertent or unauthorized disclosure of, or unauthorized access to, information relating to the representation of a client." When using RAG systems, attorneys must verify data security measures and understand how client information is processed and stored.

ABA Model Rule 5.3 (Supervision of Nonlawyer Assistants): ABA Formal Opinion 512 clarifies that AI tools may be considered "nonlawyer assistants" requiring supervision. Lawyers must establish clear policies for RAG usage and ensure proper training on ethical obligations.

ABA Formal Opinion 512: This 2024 guidance emphasizes that lawyers cannot abdicate professional judgment to AI systems. While RAG systems offer improved reliability over general AI tools, attorneys remain responsible for verifying outputs and maintaining competent oversight.

Final Thoughts: Implementation Considerations

lawyers must consider their ethical responsibilities when using generative ai, large language models, and rag.

While RAG significantly improves AI reliability, attorneys must still verify outputs and exercise professional judgment. The technology enhances rather than replaces legal expertise. Lawyers should understand terms of service, consult technical experts when needed, and maintain "human-in-the-loop" oversight consistent with professional responsibility requirements.

RAG represents a crucial step toward trustworthy legal AI, offering attorneys powerful research capabilities while maintaining the accuracy standards essential to legal practice and compliance with ABA Model Rules. Just make sure you use it correctly and check your work!